The pattern shifts by neighborhood age. In older sections of Lexington and West Columbia, the recurring finding is Orangeburg pipe that has gone oval or partially collapsed under the weight of the soil above it — the pipe was never built to last a lifetime, and many installed in the mid-20th century are now well beyond it. In Cayce and the older grids near downtown Columbia, clay pipe with root intrusion at nearly every joint is common enough that we expect to see some amount of it; the question is how much and how close to full blockage.
On the newer construction corridors along Highway 6, Sunset Boulevard, and out toward Chapin and Lake Murray, the issues are different: construction debris left in the line, pipe crushed by heavy equipment driving over the yard during the build, or improperly sloped sections that create a belly right out of the gate. Homes on septic systems throughout Lexington and Gilbert generally have shorter laterals, but a scope still catches root intrusion and grade issues between the house and the tank before they turn into a backed-up drain field.
On older homes we usually pair the scope with a CL-100 termite inspection and a mold inspection when the crawlspace shows moisture. We scope lines in Columbia and West Columbia as well.
Orangeburg and cast iron on a timeline
Neither material fails on a predictable schedule, but both are past the point where anyone should assume they're fine. When we find Orangeburg pipe still in service, we say so directly and note its condition rather than guessing at years remaining — that's a conversation for a licensed plumber with a repair quote in hand.
Root intrusion under mature trees
Columbia and Lexington's tree canopy is one of the reasons people love these neighborhoods, and it's also the leading cause of lateral problems we see. A scope shows exactly where roots have entered so a plumber can target a repair or a root-cutting service instead of guessing at the whole line's condition.